1885~  August Weissmann states generic information of a cell diminishes with each cell division.

1902~  Walter Sutton proves chromosomes hold generic information.

         ~Hans Spemann divides a Salamander embryo in two and shows early cells retain all the generic information necessary to create a new organism.

1928~  Hans Spemann performs first nuclear transfer experiment.

1938~  Hans Spemann proposes “fantastical experiment” of cloning higher organisms.

1944~  Oswald Avery discovers generic information is carried by the nucleic acids of cells.

1952~  Briggs and King clone tadpoles.

1953~  Watson and Crick find the structure of DNA.

1958~  F.C. Steward grows whole carrot plants from carrot root cells.

1962~  John Gurdon claims to have cloned frogs from adult cells.

1963~  J.B.S. Haldane coins the term “clone.”

1966~  Establishment of the complete generic code.

1967~  Enzyme DNA ligase isolated.

1969~  Shapiero and Beckwith isolate the first gene.

1970~  First restriction enzyme isolated.

1972~  Paul Berg creates the first recombinant DNA molecules.

1973~  Cohen and Boyer create first recombinant DNA organisms.

1977~  Karl Illmensee claims to have created mice with only one parent.

1978~  The release of David Rorvik’s book, In His Image: The 

            Cloning of a Man, sparks a worldwide debate on cloning 

            ethics.

1979~ Karl Illmensee makes claim to have cloned three mice.

1980~ U.S. Supreme Court rules live, human made organisms are 

           patentable material.

1983~ Kary B. Mullis develops the polymerase chain reaction 

           technique for rapid DNA synthesis.

         ~Solter and Mcgrath fuse a mouse embryo cell with an egg 

           without a nucleus, but fail to clone using their technique. 

1984~  Steen Willadsen clones sheep from embryo cells.

1985~  Steen Willadsen joins Grenada Genetics to commercially 

            clone cattle.

1986~  Steen Willadsen clones cattle from differentiated cells.

          ~First, Prather, and Eyestone clone a cow from embryo 

            cells.

1990~Human Genome Project begins 

1995~Wilmut and Campbell clone sheep form differentiated cells.

1996~Dolly, the first animal cloned from adult cells, is born.

1997~Presidents Bill Clinton proposes a five year moratorium on cloning.

~Richard Seed announces his plans to clone a human

~Wilmut and Campbell create a Polly, a cloned sheep with an interested human gene.

1998~Teruhiko Wakayama creates three generations of genetically identical cloned mice.